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It should be noted that the above explanation of PIREP fields is from the Canadian version. The United States version may also include a weather (/WX) group and other countries may use other groups and measurements.
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Examples of PIREPS ...
It should be noted that the NAOI has been strongly positive since the 1980s resulting in unusually wet and mild winter conditions over most of NW Europe and Scandinavia during this period, with concomitant changes in regional runoff.
One should note the distinction between a beaver tail and a tail cloud. A "true" tail cloud is attached to the wall cloud and has a cloud base at about the same level as the wall cloud itself.
They should draw their cyclone with the eye labelled. Ask a student to demonstrate how the top part of the cyclone turns in the opposite direction to the bottom.
Mesolow should not be confused with mesocyclone, which is a storm-scale phenomenon.
Mesonet - A regional network of observing stations (usually surface stations) designed to diagnose mesoscale weather features and their associated processes.
Spotters should note the distinction between a beaver tail and a tail cloud. A "true" tail cloud typically is attached to the wall cloud and has a cloud base at about the same level as the wall cloud itself.
Dry slot should not be confused with clear slot, which is a storm-scale phenomenon.
Enhanced V should not be confused with V notch, which is a radar signature.
ENSO ...
Small Craft Should Exercise Caution
Issued for winds of 15 to 20 knots or combined seas of 6 feet. (locally defined criteria)
Small Hail ...
One thing that should always be kept in mind when dealing with atmospheric phenomena is the predominant influence of the oceans, which is so obvious with hurricanes.
Any vessel that may be adversely affected by Small Craft Advisory criteria should be considered a small craft. Other considerations include the experience of the vessel operator, and the type, overall size, and sea worthiness of the vessel.
AdvisoryOfficial information issued by tropical cyclone warning centers describing all tropical cyclone watches and warnings in effect along with details concerning tropical cyclone locations, intensity and movement, and precautions that should be ...
Therefore, spotters should not estimate wind speeds or F-scale ratings based on visual appearance alone. However, it generally is safe to assume that most (if not all) wedges have the potential to produce strong (F2/F3) or violent (F4/F5) damage.
Spotters should be especially wary of inflow bands that are curved in a manner suggesting cyclonic rotation; ...
The criteria of a high wind watch are listed under the high wind warning and should include the area affected, the reason for the watch and the potential impact of the winds.
The content of special advisories should generally be similar to that of the scheduled advisory. The meteorological condition that requires the issuance of the special advisory is normally highlighted.
aerosol Angstrom coefficientOften incorrectly used synonymously with "aerosol Angstrom exponent", but should instead refer to the aerosol optical depth at the reference wavelength (1 um) in Angstrom’s power-law representation.
Technically, there should be lightning in this cloud to qualify it as a thunderstorm. Lightning produces thunder by heating the air and causing it to expand forming a shock wave.
Often erroneously interpreted by the general public as meaning the weather patterns that one should expect. In the broadest sense, "normals" should consist of a suite of descriptive statistics, including measures of central tendency (e.g.
The antenna design should fit the type of radio frequency (RF) signal polarization it will receive. The orientation of radio waves in space is a function of the orientation of the elements of the ransmitting antenna.
issued whenever the local National Weather Service warning area of responsibility is under one or more of the following: a tropical storm or hurricane watch or warning, evacuation orders, or rumors which the local station manager feels should be ...
May the Rainbow Always Touch Your Shoulder,
THE WEATHER DOCTOR IS FONDLY DEDICATED TO THE MEMORY OF:
Eric Sloane, Guy Murchie, David Ludlum, George R. Stewart and that Transcendental Meteorologist Henry David Thoreau.
If colder air is replacing warmer air, then the front should be analyzed as a cold front. On the other hand, if warmer air is replacing cold air, then the front should be analyzed as a warm front.
Basically, the growing season (and “killing frost') should be defined biologically rather than meteorologically and should consider the detailed microclimate, plant resistance to frost, growth rate versus temperature, ...
in a sheltered area - Being positioned in a sheltered location (such us beside your house or a fence) could significantly increase or decrease the amount of rain depending on the wind direction, and cause an inaccurate reading. The gauge should be ...
Expert system domains should be kept as narrow as possible without becoming trivial. For example, prediction of severe storms rather than general weather prediction, or analysis of cloud type rather than the whole of satellite meteorology.
runway visual range—An instrumentally derived horizontal distance a pilot should see down the runway from the approach end; based on either the sighting of high intensity runway lights or on the visual contrast of other objects, ...
WATCH- A region of the country in which people should be on the lookout for threatening weather (i.e. Severe Thunderstorm Watch, Tornado Watch, Winter Storm Watch) ...
published this year by Larson, Lindstrom and Schumacher (in Journal of Soil and Water Conservation) pointed out that the RUSLE, based on long term climate records, provides estimates of mean annual soil erosion, but conservation practices should be ...
Rotating wall clouds usually develop before strong or violent tornadoes, by anywhere from a few minutes up to nearly an hour. Wall clouds should be monitored visually for signs of persistent, sustained rotation and/or rapid vertical motion.
Hurricane Watch - an announcement for a specific area that hurricane conditions may be imminent and that persons should prepare for hurricane winds ...
Tropical storm watch: An announcement that a tropical storm poses or tropical storm conditions pose a threat to coastal areas generally within 36 hours. A tropical storm watch should normally not be issued if the system is forecast to attain ...
WARNING STAGE: The level of a river or stream which may cause minor flooding, and at which concerned interests should take action.
The watch is only an indication of where and when the severe weather probabilities are the highest, and should not be confused with a warning. Examples include Tornado Watch, Severe Thunderstorm Watch, Flash Flood Watch, Winter Storm Watch.
Wind Watch - Issued when conditions are favorable for the development of high winds over all of or part of the forecast area but the occurrence is still uncertain. The criteria of a high wind watch are listed under the high wind warning and should ...
Since all thunderstorms are associated with some type of forcing mechanism, synoptic-scale or otherwise, the existence of true air-mass thunderstorms is debatable. Therefore the term is somewhat controversial and should be used with discretion.
Freezing Fog Advisory- Issued when fog may reduce visibilities to less than 1/4 mile. In addition, the fog will freeze on exposed surfaces and cause black ice formation on roadways, bridges and sidewalks. Action: Drivers should slow down and use ...
in which a thunderstorm anvil exhibits a V-shaped region of colder cloud tops extending downwind from the thunderstorm core. The enhanced V indicates a very strong updraft, and therefore a higher potential for severe weather. Enhanced V should not be ...
It is also called the altithermal period and can serve as a past climate analog for predicting the regional pattern of climate change should the mean Earth surface temperature increase from an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration.
 See also: Weather, Temperature, Air, Storm, High
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