Riser
A vertical piece in the benchwork that supports a track board or subroadbed.
Road switcher ...
Why risers?
I use a riser for one big reason, it allows dug in scenery to be built easier. Rivers, culverts, ect are easier to add.
Subroadbed and Risers
Either variety of benchwork is then topped with a sub-roadbed material. For level areas on your layout, simply attach plywood directly on top of your wooden frame.
Another way to get lots of irregular terrain is to use an "open grid" of 2x4's or 2x6's in rows on top of your framework, and then add 1x4 or 2x4 "risers" attached to the grid in specific locations that would match your trackplan.
5' lumber make risers that you can mount to your benchwork. Test the set up by securing the risers to the benchwork with c-clamps and placing the sub roadbed on the risers.
This system consists of joists, risers, cleats, sub-roadbed and roadbed. For the serious modeler this is the way to go. The riser system leaves the area around and below the track open giving a tremendous amount of options for modeling.
2' to 4' wide, 4" to 8" high riser
1/2" to 1" wide, height between steps is 1/12 for 4", 1/8 for 6" and 1/6" for 8 inches
House staircases and fire escapes ...
Hold the straight edge tool horizontally and cut downward on one side of the mound to start the first stair riser. This will push the sand down the hill a little so do not worry what it looks like from the bottom. Focus on the top.
5 ...
The intersection in the center of the layout can either be achieved by a piece of crossover track, or by elevating one track over the other. In the latter instance, a set of piers or risers will be needed to raise the track at an appropriate rate.
Further into the tunnel you see a couple of wooden braces, probably made from an old pallet picked up at a warehouse loading dock. Finally there are the risers supporting the hand-laid with code 40 weathered rail branch line.
 See also: Track, Roadbed, Train, Board, Rail
  
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