Hardener
Chemical used at the fixing stage to toughen the film's emulsion and make it more resistant to scratches.
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Hardener
Techniques Glossary Hardener
Chemical used at the fixing stage to toughen the film's emulsion and make it more resistant to scratches.
hardener
(1) a chemical treatment used on a water soluble screen printing stencil to make it impervious to water; (2) chemical which promotes curing or hardening of a thermosetting resin used interchangeably with curing agent.
-Prehardener - chemical solution used to harden the gelatin of an emulsion prior to processing.
-Preservative - chemical, commonly sodium sulfite, used in developing solutions to prevent rapid oxidation of the reducing agents in use.
Hardeners - chemicals often used with a fixing bath to strengthen the physical characteristics of an emulsion. The most common hardeners are potassium or chrome alum.
Hard gradation - term denoting the quality of harsh contrast in a photograph.
HARDENER-A chemical that increases the melting point of gelatin in photographic layers and prevents softening in warm-processing baths.
Pewter is a metal alloy, traditionally between 85 and 99 percent tin, with the remainder consisting of 1-4 percent copper, acting as a hardener, with the addition of lead for the lower grades of pewter and a bluish tint.
Powder fixers often come with the hardener included in one package. Other liquid fixers require mixing of 2 elements. Fixer can be reused so keep it in a sealed container.
It is sometimes referred to as ‘hypo'. Fixer may also contain acetic acid (stop bath) to ensure developer neutralization, a buffer to maintain acidity, and a hardener to prevent gelatin swelling during the wash step.
 See also: Emulsion, Film, Photograph, Camera, Light
  
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