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Hardening bath

Photography HardenersHardware

In most instances when high temperatures are used, the film is treated in a hardening bath before processing, or the film is designed specifically for being processed at such temperatures.

 


frilling
describes (indirect film) gelatin emulsion which is falling off of its polyester base due to lateral swelling in the hardening bath, caused by weak chemistry or too high temperature.
fringe
refer to halo.

Such a hardening bath often used aldehydes, such as formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde. In modern processing, these hardening steps are unnecessary because the film emulsion is sufficiently hardened to withstand the processing chemicals.

The new films also had a prehardened emulsion (introduced also with E-6 Ektachomes) that made the used of a hardening bath unnecessary; this bath caused a yellow stain in the highlights that may be what you fondly remember about the K-12 Kodachromes.

See also: Emulsion, Negative, Development, Exposure, Temperature

Photography HardenersHardware

 
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