incident light meter: An incident light meter can help in difficult lighting situations. Incident light meters measure the light falling on the subject as opposed to the light reflected from it.
Incident Light Meter
Incident Light Meter is a specific type of light meter (or light meter configuration) that measures the light directly falling on to a subject; as opposed to being reflected off of a subject.
Incident Light Meter (ILM)
A meter designed to read Incident Light. Compensation is needed for unusually dark or light subjects, Back Light, silhouettes, and special Exposure effects. The tool for measuring Lighting Ratio.
INCIDENT LIGHT METER - An exposure meter (generally hand held as opposed to a reflective meter that is built into a camera) that reads the amount of incident light.
Incident light meters work best when you are willing to average the exposure over the whole scene. Incident meters are most effective when the light source is shinning on you subject from nearly straight in front of your subject and not from the side.
Conversely, incident light metering registers the amount of light that falls on the object. Handheld light meters function through the incident method.
When using an incident light meter, the most important source of error of which the photographer must be aware occurs when the light is highly directional.
Thus, using a grey card allows the photographer to use an in-camera reflective light meter much like a portable incident light meter.
If you don't have an incident light meter or a gray card, then take a reading with your built-in meter...and bracket! ...
 See also: Photograph, Subject, Incident light, Camera, Meter
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