Photograms: Photographs made without a camera by placing opaque objects on a sheet of photographic paper, exposing to light and processing. Photograms have dark backgrounds and white silhouettes of the opaque objects.
Photograms.org: The Art and Design of the Photogram
List of photographers who have used photograms and samples of their work
Essay on the History of the Photogram
Experimenting and teaching with photograms ...
Currently, photograms are generally used for artistic effect to create surreal images, rather than for "true life" or accurate image reproduction.
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1921: Man Ray begins making photograms ("rayographs") by placing objects on photographic paper and exposing the shadow cast by a distant light bulb; Eugegrave;ne Atget, aged 64, assigned to photograph the brothels of Paris ...
Most people who make photograms place objects if varying transparency directly onto the paper- the places where the object blocks the light from falling onto the paper stay white (assuming white paper, of course), ...
Rayographs
A photographic term coined by Man Ray and his friends for pictures made by placing directly on photographic paper (i.e. photograms).
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a portraitist and free- lance photographer in San Francisco, New York, and London, he was always experimenting - using multiple- exposure, solarization, cliché- verre, relief printing, the gum- bichromate and autochrome processes, photograms, ...
 See also: Photograph, Photogram, Photographer, Photography, Film
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