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Retina

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Kodak Retina I (type 148)
Tell Us the Story of Your Camera
My first REAL camera was a little gem found buried deep in a box in closet when I was younger. It was a fabulous Kodak Retina I (Type 148) 35mm.

 


Retina Display Icon Set
Number of Icons: 400+
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Retina Display Icon Set →Full Preview → ...

Retina - The area at the back of the human eye that converts incoming light into electrical impulses sent to the brain.
RGB colour space - Red, green, blue; the additive colour model used in digital images and displayed on a monitor.

Retinart
Completely Text-Based Navigation
Retinart is a lovely example of a typography-focused website. The nice, even gutters and margins are relaxing on the eyes.

Retina (inner)
Macula - Fovea - Optic disc (Cup) - Tapetum lucidum
Anterior segment ...

Our retina is build with rods and cones. Rods offer much better night vision, but far less color sensitivity than cones. Since our eyes have to keep a fixed exposure time, this is nature’s elegant trade off.

Bird Retinas Can Tolerate the Sun: All birds have retinas that are adapted to work in bright light, with 3 or 4 varieties of cones that permit colour vision better than our own.

Kodak Retinar Aspheric All-Glass 10x optical zoom lens
5.0 million effective pixels
Exclusive Kodak Color Science Image Processing Chip
1.8" high-resolution indoor/outdoor display
Electronic viewfinder
Manual and semi-automatic controls ...

Also located in the retina is the optic disk. The optic disk is the point where the optic nerve connects with the eye. The optic nerve carries the signals from the eye to the brain for further processing.

Red-eye
The red-retina reflection seen in the center of the eyes when portraits are lit by a flash positioned too close to the lens axis.

This comes from the flash reflecting back from the eye's retina.
red window - a window covered in transparent red material in the back of a roll-film camera to show the frame numbers on the backing sheet of the film and show when to stop winding.

The red glow from a subject's eyes caused by light from a flash reflecting off the blood vessels behind the retina in the eye. The effect is most common when light levels are low, outdoor at night, or indoor in a dimly lit room.
RGB: ...

We experience color by means of two kinds of sensors in the retina of our eye: These are known as rods and cones. The former ensure vision at lower levels of illumination, while the latter account for higher light levels and the color that we see.

" The light from a flash has entered through the subject's pupil and reflected off the back of the eye (the retina) and back out to the camera. Since the retina is lined with blood vessels, the reflected light takes on a red color.

Red-Eye is caused when the flash is near the lens and the intense light from the flash enters the subject's widely dilated pupils and bounces of the eye's red colored retina.

The retina of the eye continues to perceive an image for a short period of time after the light stimulus representing the image has been removed. Usually, this "after image" lasts about 1/50 second, depending on the brightness of the image.

Therefore, as noted above, the CMOS ("Complimentary Metal Oxide Silicon") or CCD ("Charge Coupled Device") shown above in a digital camera works in a very similar manner in comparison to the human retina, in very general terms.

It is believed that the subjective Mach bands are produced by the inhibitory interaction of neighboring receptors in the eye's retina.

Those tiny on-camera flash units are usually the culprit, as they reflect light directly into your subject's retina, which photographs red. Many of today's point-and-shoot cameras offer a red-eye reduction feature which fires the flash off twice.

Redeye, the common bane of snapshots, occurs when the light from the flash unit bounces off the blood vessels lining the retina of a person's eye and makes it back to the camera.

Redeye is is caused by the flash reflecting off the retina in their eyes. It can be prevented by adjusting the camera angle, being sure the subject does not look straight at the flash, or with a redeye-reducing pre-flash.

Turn on lots of lights to make your subject's retinas smaller, this will allow less light to bounce off them.

Red eye will appear in pictures if the camera's flash hits eye's retina or if the subject's iris doesn't have enough time to sufficiently contract.

It is caused by light from the flash reflecting off the blood vessels in the subject's retina. Because their pupil will be larger in a room with dim light, the subject's eyes will reflect more of the bright light from the flash.

An effect caused by an electronic flash reflecting off the retina at the back of the eye making it look red. Compact cameras with the flash located close to the lens suffer the worst from this problem.

The light bouncing from the back of the retinas brings back into the image the red of the blood vessels. Big eyes don't help either.

Also known as pink-eye, this is when the light of an electronic flash hits the retina at the back of the eye directly. You may have seen this effect in wildlife films of animals shot at night.

The reason why red eye happens is because the flash in digital cameras usually reflects badly off the retinas of the person and that makes it a bright red in your photos.

Furthermore, because of the structure of the retina of the human eye, it turns out that the brightness information is perceived at a higher resolution than the color, ...

Cones: Photoreceptors in the retina of the human eye that are sensitive to high light levels. The eyes have three sets of cones, each sensitive to a portion of the visible color spectrumred light, green light and blue light.

-Cones - sensory organs on the retina of the eye, allowing color vision.
-Constructivism - art movement that begun in Russia c. 1913. Characterized by the use of everyday materials in abstract compositions.

ISO Definition: Stimulation that combines on retina the actions of various color stimuli in such a manner that they cannot be perceived individually. (Source: ISO 9241-8 (1997-10-00) ISO/TC 159)
Subtractive Color Mixture ...

Understanding what causes red eye is actually pretty simple. When you use the flash on your camera to brighten a dark setting the light from the flash is reflected off the retina in the subject's eyes, and believe it or not - the retina appears red! ...

Greg also took with him a medium-format Rolleiflex and two lightweight fixed-lens Kodak Retina 2 cameras.

Caused by light bouncing from the retina of the eye, red-eye is most pronounced in dim illumination (when the irises are wide open) and when the electronic flash is close to the lens and therefore prone to reflect directly back.

Red lightning eyes originate during the reflextion of the flash light in the retina of the eye.The effect will appear more often, if the the pupil is opened wide and the closer the built-in flash is near the axe of the objective.

The effect occurs as the flash reflects off the rear surface of the retina. Many flash units, both built-in and accessory, have a red-eye-reduction feature that uses a series of brief preflashes to constrict the pupil, thereby eliminating the effect.

The red eye effect is caused by light from a flash traveling through the iris and illuminating the retina at the interior back of the eye-- which is red in color due to its blood vessels -- and the camera capturing that redness on film or on a ...

Red-eye - Refers to the red glow from a subject's eyes caused by light from a flash reflecting off the blood vessels behind the retina in the eye.

The choice of primary colors is what links the theory with the physiology of the HVS. The eye's light sensor, the retina, is composed of two types of light- sensitive cells.

It bounces off the retina, picking up the signature reddish tint along the way, and returns to the camera. Presto, instant demonic possession.

The 'red eye effect' happens usually in low lighting conditions since the pupils of the subject are dilated allowing the light of the flash to reflect off the retina. The following tips will help to avoid it: ...

The red colour happens when the pupil of the eye is dilated, usually in a low light environment and the light of the flash strikes the retina at the back of the eye, reflecting the light through the wide-open pupil. (Also see Red-eye Reduction) ...

In low light our eyes' pupils open to about 5 to 7mm wide to allow more light to pass to the retina. So if you intend to use the binoculars at night, indoors or in dense woodland, choose a pair with a similar value exit pupil.

NEVER EVER use a telescope, binoculars or any other piece of magnification equipment to view the sun, using your naked eye is not a good idea either. The sun can very quickly and permanently damage your eyes (especially the retina) so PLEASE leave ...

Averted Vision When you look squarely at something, you are using a part of the retina of your eye that is not as sensitive to low light levels as the parts that are off to the side. Thus to see faint objects, don't look straight at them.

See also: Light, Camera, Image, Digital, Photograph