Open flash
Method of flash operation using the following sequence: shutter opened, flash fired, shutter closed. Usually shutter duration is unimportant since the available light is much dimmer than the flash.
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When a picture is taken, light (hopefully focused light) falls on the film in an amount determined by the lens aperture and camera's shutter duration.
It provides an entirely unobstructed view of the sensor for the flash to come in. A flash's duration is around 1/4000 or higher, so it will always be fast enough to hit the sensor for only a fraction of your shutter duration.
 See also: Shutter, Light, Film, Exposure, Image
  
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