Sprocket holes - perforations on both edges of 35mm film, which engage with the teeth of the film transport mechanism.
European Format A stereo format which uses stereo pairs of 7 perforations (film sprockets) per image. This is used with the Fed, Belplasca, and some other European stereo cameras.
This transport takes place by means of toothed, drive sprockets. The teeth of the drive sprockets engage the perforations along the edge of the film and move the film through the camera.
Uneven development.
1) Film is lighter or underdeveloped along one side . Not enough developer to cover the film in the tank.
2) Negatives have denser areas mirroring the shape of the sprocket holes.
1914: Oscar Barnack, employed by German microscope manufacturer Leitz, develops camera using the modern 24x36mm frame and sprocketed 35mm movie film.
1917: Nippon Kogaku K.K., which will eventually become Nikon, established in Tokyo.
[11] Edison claimed exclusive patent rights to his design of 35 mm motion picture film, with four sprocket holes per frame, forcing his only major filmmaking competitor, American Mutoscope & Biograph, to use a 68 mm film that used friction feed, ...
First, that the useable width of the film excludes the sprocket hole area. Second, that you're using a 2:3 aspect ratio of height to width. And third, that the width of the film is used for the shorter of the two dimensions.
Hopefully the film caught on the sprockets okay, and it's advancing properly.
The most popular film size; 35mm wide with punched sprocket holes and made for both still and motion picture cameras. In 1913, Oscar Barnack, of 'Leitz ' first used it in a still camera when he created the 'Leica' prototype using movie film stock.
Some cameras use a beam of IR light to see 35mm sprocket holes go by to control film advance. This is brilliant for normal film which can't see IR, but also means you can't use IR film in these cameras. Most Canon film cameras do this, sorry.
Surge marks
Is streaks on the image from each of the sprockets holes of 35mm film caused by excessive agitation.
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More Photographic Terms ...
Note the green sunspot flare on the bottom right, and the yellow flare on the upper sprocket of the unicycle. There is another one partially covering the left hip.
PERFORATIONS - Holes punched on the sides of 35 mm film with regular spacing so that they line up with sprockets on the camera's film take-up mechanism.
Edison compiled his caveat for the double perforated cine film in the fall of 1889, describing it as a double perforated long band passing from one reel to another, driven by two sprocket wheels.
The former refers to traditional 35mm film camera format (also known as 135 format). In other words, '35mm film camera' refers to the 135 film format -- not the lens format. [35mm is the width of the film including the sprockets.] ...
You can elimi- nate such uncertainty by loading the film in a way that ensures that 5 and 5a are always located under the fifth frame. I can't speak for all cameras, but for my Nikon N80, lining up the eighth sprocket hole with the raised marker ...
Caution is called for here though, because pressing the delete button in this mode deletes all of the images taken on whichever day is highlighted. Movie files are distinguished from stills by a film sprocket-style border.
 See also: Film, Camera, Image, Light, Time
  
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