TONAL GRADATION Photographers often concentrate on the density and detail of highlights and shadows when they should actually be considering the most important or middle tones of the negative.
Full Tonal Gradation
From this starting point, zones are formed by:
Dividing the tonal gradation into eleven equal sections.
Contrast: The tonal gradation between highlights, middletones, and shadows in an original or a reproduction. The visual relationship of the original to the reproduction when comparing white to black ranges.
75,79 Posterization is the technique of separating the tonal gradations of a photograph into clearly defined steps. In effect, a smooth slope is converted into a staircase.
Posterization is the process of changing the tonal gradations in certain areas of an image.
Less noise means cleaner, more attractive shadows, better color and finer tonal gradations. As a general rule, sensors in the most recent cameras have much better noise characteristics than earlier cameras.
It would be difficult to see any banding in the tonal gradations in our newly adjusted 8 bit mode desert scene due to the busy nature of the photograph.
This will have the effect of preserving all tonal gradations and avoid the potential banding problem of the RC Intent, but at the cost of desturating the entire image to a degree.
(Smooth) for the slow but more precise resampling method, resulting in the smoothest tonal gradations.
Bevel and Emboss
Adds various combinations of highlights and shadows to a layer.
Smaller droplet sizes, in some cases as tiny as 3 picoliters (i.e., 3 trillionths of a liter!) allow the printer to place more dots next to each other, creating smoother tonal gradations, finer detail in highlight areas, and wider color gamuts.
contrast
the degree of tonal gradation between highlight and shadow areas in an original, reproduction, or negative.
Using Adobe Camera Raw (ACR) produces a very clean image (albeit one with lower saturation), and - with some tweaking of parameters - can get a much better tonal gradation out of the scene than you see with JPEGs.
Deciding on a Background
Using a Built-in Flash
Modifying Reflections with a Soft Box
Double-Diffusing with LitePanels
Adjusting the Tonal Gradation and Contrast of the Shot ...
Elliptical dot
A type of halftone screen dot with an elliptical rather than circular shape, which sometimes produces better tonal gradations.
These types of enlarger heads scatter the light more evenly across the surface of the negative. One advantage of the cold light head is that it can render more subtle tonal gradations and will minimize the effect of dust and scratches on the ...
 See also: Gradation, Photograph, Image, Light, Camera
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