Viewing lens
The lens on a camera through which the photographer's eye sees the subject.
Viewpoint
Location of the camera relative to the subject.
The separate viewing lens is also very advantageous for long-exposure photographs. During exposure, an SLR's mirror must be retracted, blacking out the image in the viewfinder.
One lens is the viewing lens; the other is the picture-taking lens. The viewing lens is always wide open. That makes focusing and viewing easy, but depth of field cannot be viewed.
I put one filter in the viewing lens to graduate the degree of polarisation I want and the other filter in the taking lens.
A mirror behind the viewing lens reflects the image to the viewfinder, giving an approximiate idea of what the exposing lens sees. As they are not in the exact same position, a slight shift in composition occurs, known as parallax error.
This means that, unlike SLR cameras, the viewed image is not exactly the same as the image recorded on the film - the difference being the distance between the centre of the viewing lens and the centre of the taking lens.
Jim discovered that, if you squeezed the binoculars together and placed them in front of the Zeiss Ikoflex, you could get one lens lined up with the viewing lens and one lined up with the taking lens.
An advantage of a TLR, just like a rangefinder, is that with dark filters like those used for infra-red, you have no filter over the viewing lens. Thus your viewfinder doesn't get dark or colored.
Yashica-MAT TLRs ...
 See also: Image, Lens, Camera, Finder, Focus
  
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