Crusher
A machine that breaks open grapes and usually de-stems them as well.
Cuvee
French term for a specific blend of wines, usually of different varietals and vintages, combined to make Champagne.
After stems are removed, breaking the grape skins prior to pressing and fermentation. The term also applied to the season of the year (during harvest) when this occurs.
Crusher
A machine that breaks open grapes and usually de-stems them as well.
Crusher; crusher-stemmer
A machine that breaks open grapes, it usually de-stems them as well.
Decant
To gently pour clear wine from the bottle into a serving container (decanter or carafe) leaving the bottle sediments behind
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However, in larger wineries, a mechanical device known as a crusher/destemmer is used. Because the stems of the grapes have a relatively high tannin content, they are usually removed beforehand.
Stems: The pile of skeletal remains of grape bunches or clusters (rachis parts) left over after the grapes have been removed at the crusher. The crusher spits these out in a pile as waste material when crushing grapes for fermentation.
In modern mechanized wine production, the grapes are normally crushed and stemmed at the same time by a crusher-stemmer, usually consisting of a perforated cylinder containing paddles revolving at 600 to 1,200 revolutions per minute.
The grapes are hand harvested and are brought into the winery in small lug boxes and put directly into the crusher - destemmer. The grape must falls into small ½ to 1-ton open top fermentors and the selected yeast is added.
Mechanical advances such as field crushers, bladder and roto presses, stainless steel tanks, micropore filters, refrigeration, vacuum-bottling and other devices and methods have all evolved in the past four decades.
They then go into a crusher/de-stemmer that removes the stems from the grapes (some wineries do not do this, it is up to the winemaker and what style they are looking for) and then goes into a press.
The stems can leave a bitter flavor, and are rarely used in white wine. Some red wines benefit from the tannins that the stems impart, and so are added back in. Stemmer machines are often combined with a crusher and are known as "Stemmer Crushers." ...
CRUSH TANK
The wine tank that receives the newly crushed must - pumped there directly from the crusher.
CRYOEXTRACTION
The practice of artificially replicating the natural conditions necessary to produce sweet white Ice Wine (Eiswein).
Nicos Neocleous listens as Mrs Yiannoulla Ioannidou explains how winemaking used to be carried out until recent times. Note the grape crusher sitting on top of the clay wine vessel (c1889).
Great pains are taken to escalate the process, while keeping the grapes from becoming too warm during the transport from vineyard to the crusher.
Must
The mixture of grape juice, stems, pips and skins -- and to a lesser degree, dead insects, bits of leaves and other crud -- that comes out of the grape crusher. Sometimes used more generally to refer to unfermented grape juice.
 See also: Grape, Fermentation, Crush, Wine, Red
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